While significant progress has been made in expanding access to HIV prevention tools such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), challenges remain in ensuring consistent uptake and long-term use. The R-21 study, implemented by Help REACH Africa (HERA) in collaboration with the University of South Florida and Q-Initiative, is an implementation science research project examining how service delivery strategies and contextual factors influence PrEP uptake and continuation across high HIV burden counties in Kenya.

Rather than focusing solely on whether interventions work, implementation science examines how and why they work in real-world settings. The R-21 study explores how different service delivery strategies and contextual factors influence PrEP uptake across multiple counties in Kenya.

The study has engaged healthcare providers, facilities, and communities to generate insights into the practical challenges of delivering PrEP services. Factors such as staffing levels, facility workflows, and community engagement approaches all play a role in shaping outcomes.

Through multiple phases of data collection, including surveys and in-depth interviews, the study is building comprehensive evidence base on effective PrEP delivery models. This evidence is critical for informing national and county-level strategies.

One of the key strengths of the study is its focus on context. By recognizing that what works in one setting may not work in another, the research highlights the importance of adapting interventions to local realities.

As the study progresses into the analysis phase, its findings are expected to provide actionable recommendations for improving HIV prevention programming. These insights will help ensure that PrEP services are not only available but also accessible, acceptable, and sustainable for the populations that need them most.